(1) Classification of Outdoor Shoes

Outdoor shoes are classified according to their different adaptability. Different series are suitable for different sports and terrain. The more common outdoor shoes can be roughly divided into five series:

A. Mountaineering series:

Mountaineering series can be divided into high mountain boots and low mountain boots. Alpine boots can also be weighed hiking boots, this boot is designed for Deng Xueshan, the sole is usually made of super wear-resistant Vibram rubber outsole, lined with carbon plate, has a strong impact resistance, can hold ice The claws and boots are of high design, generally above 20cm. The boot is made of hard plastic resin or thick leather and sheepskin. It is lined with warm shoe covers and can adapt to complex snow, ice and rocks. It can be effective. Protect your feet. Document.write("");ad_dst = ad_dst+1;The low mountain boots can also be used as weigh-type climbing shoes. These shoes use the target is the mountain below 6,000 meters above sea level, especially suitable for climbing ice walls or snow and ice mixed rock wall. Outsole with wear-resistant Vibram rubber, fiberglass fiberboard in the end of the large lining between the bottom, the sole is very hard, strong impact resistance, there is sufficient support when climbing, upper with thick (3.0mm above) the entire leather or Sheepskin sewing, in order to enhance the waterproof and moisture permeability effect, commonly used Gore Tex or SympaTex lining, sandwich insulation layer. The height of the upper is usually 15cm-20cm, which can effectively protect the feet from harm reduction under complex terrain conditions. Some models are equipped with a cramp structure, and there is no fixed structure of the available crampons. Lighter than heavy hiking boots, it is more comfortable to remove crampons than heavy hiking boots.

B. Through the series:

Traversing series can also be called hiking series. The design goal is low mountain, canyon, desert, Gobi and other more complex terrains, and it can adapt to medium and long distance walking. This type of shoe structure also belongs to the high-top shoes. The height of the upper is usually more than 15cm. It has strong support and can effectively protect the cheekbones from damage reduction. Vibram wear rubber is used for outsole, and professional brands also design nylon plate support between the big bottom and midsole to enhance the hardness of the sole, which can effectively prevent the deformation of the sole and enhance the impact resistance. Uppers are usually made of medium-thickness suede leather, sheepskin or leather mixed uppers, and Duban ultra strong wear-resistant Cordura fabrics are used on leather surfaces, which are lighter and more flexible than mountaineering series. In order to solve the problem of waterproofing, most of the models use Gore Tex material for lining, and some use oil leather for waterproofing. Such shoes can walk on the water below the cheekbones or in the rain.

C. Trekking Series:

Trekking series can also be called light hiking shoes, which are more commonly used in outdoor sports. The goal is to design a lighter, medium- and short-distance trekking, suitable for gentler mountain, jungle and general outings or camping activities. The design features of these shoes are less than 13cm in the upper and have an ankle protection structure. Outsole is made of wear-resistant rubber, micro-foamed in the bottom and double-layered encryption rubber. The sole of the high-end brand is designed with a plastic plate sandwich, which has good impact resistance and shock absorption. The upper has a full leather or leather surface. Leather mixed material. Some models have Gore Tex lining, and some models are not waterproof. The advantages of medium shoes are light, soft, comfortable and breathable. Walking in an uncomplicated terrain, the middle shoes should be better than high shoes.

D. Sports Series:

Outdoor sports series of shoes is often referred to as short boots, designed for daily wear and not weight-bearing sports. Wearable rubber outsole allows you to never have to worry about the wear of the soles will affect the use, flexible midsole can reduce the impact of the ground on the foot, but also reduce the weight of the pressure on the foot, high-end short shoes usually have The keel design not only effectively prevents deformation of the sole but also enhances the shoe support force. The tight upper design makes you feel as if the shoe is on your feet. These shoes are often equipped with leather uppers or nylon meshes, and are therefore lighter in texture. A pair of shoes is often less than 400g, and is very flexible. Currently in some European and American countries, this series is the most commonly used and best-selling variety.

E. Upstream Series:

The upstream series can also be called outdoor sandals. The shoe upper is often designed with a mesh surface or a braided structure. The outsole is made of wear-resistant rubber and has a soft plastic inner sole. The soles are made of non-absorbent materials. Adapted to the hot season and multi-water environment, due to the use of non-absorbent materials, leaving the multi-water environment can be quickly dried, thus maintaining the comfort of walking.

(b) The various elements of a pair of good climbing shoes

The harsh environment of the field has put forward many special requirements for climbing shoes. Different sports items have also made the climbing shoes more detailed and more types have emerged. Water resistance is the primary function of modern hiking shoes. Many professional backpackers choose to buy climbing shoes is also a fancy to this function of climbing shoes? This is unmatched by sports shoes or ordinary travel shoes. Most of the tourists pay more attention to the comfort of the shoes and less concern for the waterproof and air permeability of the shoes. According to professional tests, the time for cooling a pair of wet feet (in winter) is about 23 times that of dry feet, and in the outdoors, a pair of wet feet is very prone to frostbite or other injuries. A pair of wet shoes is also very heavy, adding to the burden of walking. The traditional process is to achieve waterproof effect through oil-impregnated leather, but this seriously affects the breathability of the shoes and also affects the appearance of the shoes. Then there is a water repellent sprayed on the shoes. When the water drops on the surface of the shoes, it will look like The waterdrops slide down, but if the water is immersed for too long or the surface is under pressure, the water will still seep in, so it is not waterproof. Until the 1980s, with the appearance of waterproof and breathable films and coatings, outdoor sports climbing shoes have undergone a revolutionary change in waterproofness, of which more than 60% of outdoor shoes use the GORE-TEX material of WL.GORE. The climbing shoes with bronze medals of GORE-TEX have almost become the symbol of the quality and quality of shoes. Of course, the price is astonishing. In general, the price of GORE-TEX climbing shoes is about 250 US dollars, and the domestic price is also 1500. Yuan above.

The processing of GORE-TEX shoes is very demanding. A foot-shaped GORE-TEX film is first put into the finished shoe, then pressurized, followed by a liner, and finally subjected to a strict waterproof test. Of course, with such shoes you will never worry about muddy swamps and heavy rain. The soles of climbing shoes are also very distinctive. Different manufacturers have designed different sole patterns according to their own research. Of course, the vast majority still use large corrugated shading, which is very helpful in increasing the slip resistance of shoes. . Modern popular sports shoes mostly use air cushion design, but this is not suitable for climbing shoes. It is enough to reduce the vibration of the foot through a special sponge foam structure, because the sense of down-to-earth is often more than air cushion for outdoor sportsmen. The softness is more important and safe. Relatively speaking, the rigidity and wear resistance of soles are even more important. People who climb over the mountains understand that if the sole is too soft when climbing or walking, it will often cause excessive fatigue on the calf, and on the gravel-covered mountain road or small protrusion on the rock, the rigidity and hardness of the sole can be played. The key protection. Vibram rubber material in Italy is the most common sole material. Its abrasion resistance is 40% higher than that of ordinary rubber materials, and its rigidity is excellent. When you are choosing a hiking shoe, whether or not Vibram rubber is used on the sole is a key factor. In addition, the soles of leisure-based climbing shoes now use light, soft, and wear-resistant PU materials, which greatly reduce the weight of shoes and make them more comfortable to wear. Climbing shoes look rough, mostly high-waist design, which can play a role in protecting the athlete's foot. Early use of open-fronted mountain climbing shoes, so that the appearance looks very simple, but there is also the problem of the shoes are not wearable, the new type of climbing shoes is very little open-line, significantly improved wear resistance. The characteristics of climbing shoes are unmatched by other sports shoes and military boots, so choosing an outdoor shoe that suits you is an essential task before you decide to go hiking and climbing.

(c) The three major elements of a good pair of shoes

1.The sole and the shoe body are made by the DESMA process of ECCO once cast according to the human foot physiological structure. The insole made of high-tech microfiber fabric is embedded in the sole, so that the shoe conforms to the physiological curve of the human body. There is feeling of walking barefoot on the beach.

2. The use of GORE-TEX material makes this shoe a breathable shoe, which not only greatly prolongs the life of the shoe, but also greatly reduces the weight of the shoe, allowing it to wear freely even in cold environments.

3. Special shoes for outdoor activities, full leather, lined with GORE-TEX waterproof, breathable material: the tongue is designed to connect with the upper to prevent water from entering; the sole, with ECCO patented shock absorber, is suitable for field exploration.

(4) Several brand-name climbing shoes

There are many brands of climbing shoes. On the whole, European products are mostly old brands, and their popularity is very high. The styles produced in the United States adopt a large number of new technologies.

The brands of climbing shoes and sneakers are two concepts. Although the world-famous sneaker brands like NIKE and adidas have also produced a series of climbing shoes and outdoor sports shoes, they are functional and functional in terms of quality. No one can compare with those brands that mainly produce climbing shoes. The climbing shoes produced in Italy are most famous for their reputation. Like the famous ASOLO, SCARPA and Dolomit, not only in Europe but also in the world enjoy a very high reputation. Some of these companies still use traditional manual processing methods, which may be why many climbers loyal to them. Another famous Italian company, LAPROTIVA, which produces outdoor shoes, was acquired by THE USA outdoor sports giant THE NORTH FACE and launched its new series of products with a new look.

Newly listed THENORTHFACE outdoor sports shoes recently launched in Europe, America and Hong Kong are also from this company. In addition, the German LOWA is also very unique. The climbing shoes it designs have a strong German color and are sturdy and heavy. France's SALOMON brand climbing shoes is a very popular brand of climbing shoes, but the company has been acquired by the adidas Group. The X-Hikking series of climbing shoes launched later obviously have adidas features, as if it were between sports shoes and climbing shoes. , has the function of climbing shoes and bright sports shoes shape. The Spanish-made Boreal brand climbing shoes are simple in appearance, but they are of high quality and are a few European brands that have a high reputation in North America.

The United States, MERREL, Vasque and other brands are very popular in the United States, these brand products in the style design break through the traditional concept of hiking shoes and dirt, and more than change, not only become travelers but also become the object of choice for ordinary young people.

There are more and more domestic types of climbing shoes. Many famous foreign manufacturers have taken the Chinese market as their next development goal. Denmark ecco, France's AIGLE are all the better quality outdoor climbing shoe brands that have recently entered the mainland. The price is between 1000-2000 yuan. Olark also introduced three new climbing shoes this spring. Salomon and Timberbland mountaineering shoes are also sold in large commercial buildings in Beijing. If Lufthansa has AIGLE counters, but the price is expensive...

(e) Maintenance of hiking shoes

1. Store: After each wear, remove the insole, relax the shoelace, and let the shoes dry naturally. If your shoes are wet, pack your shoes with newspapers or shoes (don't forget to change your wet newspaper from time to time). At the same time avoid leaving the shoes in a hot environment (including the car). Do not store dry shoes in a damp space (leather is a natural product and prone to mildew)

2. Cleaning: dirt particles will enter the leather fiber, causing fiber wear and tear

a) For dirtier GORE-TEX shoes - use a brush to clean it first. For non-leather shoes (such as nylon), use a sponge to dip warm water. If it is grease, or very dirty stains, it is best to use a leather cleaner and a nylon brush to clean the surface. As for the inner lining of shoes, wipe it with a damp cloth, because the salt from the sweat will quickly pass through the liner. Into the pores of the leather, destroys the leather tissue, causing it to dry and cracks

b) Clean the matte leather GORE-TEX shoes - When the shoes are dry, brush away the floating soil and treat them with a water repellent. Do not use shoe polish or shoe polish, they will impair the breathability of shoes

c) Wash non-leather GORE-TEX shoes - wash in cold water and dry naturally. After drying, it was treated with a water repellent. Do not use shoe polish or shoe polish, they will impair the breathability of shoes

3. Drying:

a) All shoes must be allowed to dry at room temperature. Because the leather is easily burned, deformed and bent, dry and burst, do not put the shoes near heat or exposure.

b) Thick mud leaves the wind dry and clean. Do not use fire to dry the hiking boots. Excessive heat will cause the leather to dry and wrinkle, and the properties of the adhesive will be destroyed, which will melt the soles of the boots.

c) Do not dry with a stove or hair dryer! If you use oven or hair dryer for drying, not only will it be seriously deformed, causing cracking or opening of plastic, but it will also seriously affect the service life.

4. Maintenance: The well-maintained hiking boots can last for several years. Regular use of footwear care products, maintenance of leather and restoration of surface water resistance. If the GORE-TEX shoes are not subjected to maintenance and water repellent treatment, the waterproof breathability of the GORE-TEX membrane will not be impaired, but it will affect the breathability, durability and comfort of the entire pair of shoes. Can use GORE's recommended water repellent

a) You can use the cortex protection spray wax or GORE-TEX special spray wax to aim the hiking shoes evenly 2-3 times, which will help to prolong the service life.

b) Water repellent treatment: After the non-leather shoes are dry, they are treated with anti-water agent. The water will invade from the seam line, and the waterproof agent can improve the waterproof degree of the upper and the suture. The newly purchased climbing boots must be re-applied with the waterproof agent for a period of time. The climbing boots must be kept dry and clean, and the waterproof agent must be sutured. Lines and pinholes, one to two days prior to departure, must be applied with a waterproofing agent to allow the leather to absorb completely. Nylon cloth hiking boots can be used as silicone-based spray because they are not easily waterproof. No matter what boots are kept dry

c) Rubbing oil on the tongue to prevent the leather from buzzing and rubbing oil on metal parts to prevent them from oxidizing and rusting

5. Change the sole: the wear rate of the sole is faster than that of the upper. Generally, the high-priced hiking boots can be replaced. The updated soles will be tight because the upper has changed its original size.

6. Keep the insole clean

(6) How to understand the functionality of outdoor shoes

Outdoor shoes from the classification can also be divided into more detailed, such as: ski series, beach series, on the whole, the above five series is more commonly used varieties. Outdoor shoes as functional sports shoes must be functional. If outdoor shoes do not have functions, they lose their meaning. The functionality of outdoor shoes can be summarized as six functions, namely support, shock absorption, waterproof, anti-slip, impact resistance, comfort and durability.

A. Outdoor shoes support:

The supporting force of the outdoor shoes is not the function of the shoes themselves, but the humanized design of the shoes to ensure that the feet have stronger supporting forces. In order to adapt to the outdoor complex terrain and meet the conditions of mountaineering or trekking under load conditions, outdoor shoes must have good support. This is a difficult problem to understand. A column is the most loaded in the vertical state, and in the bent state, its capacity will be greatly reduced. A weightlifter with his arms stretched for 200 kilograms, and with his arms bent he would never be able to. Outdoor shoes through humanized design, enhance the support of the foot, it is possible to better support the body weight. In addition to the supportive force of outdoor shoes, there is a direct relationship with the structure of the sole. In a pair of good outdoor shoes, the upper part usually adopts a compact design. Each part of the upper can be reliably combined with the surface of the foot. This can not only make the wearer feel comfortable, but also better overcome the distraction of the foot to the surrounding area. . Thus supporting the vertical force of the foot to achieve the purpose of enhancing support.

B. Outdoor shoes shock absorption function:

People hike in a weight-bearing state and walk about 600-700 miles per foot. This means that for every kilometre of walking, one leg has to withstand 600-700 gravity impacts. If the shoes do not have a good shock absorber system to relieve the impact, one day after the trip, they must be exhausted. The good shock absorption not only can effectively absorb the vertical pressure of the human body, but the very hard sole can also effectively resist the impact of the hard ground, so that you feel relaxed when walking. The feeling of fatigue in walking is caused by the impact of the ground on the brain. Good shock absorption can also reduce the vibration of the ground to the brain, which greatly reduces the sense of exhaustion.

C. Wear resistance of outdoor shoes:

When you walk in complicated terrain, there is a potential crisis in every step of walking. In this case, the stability of footsteps is extremely important. If you are unstable in one step, you may cause damage to the feet or the human body. In order to avoid this Injuries require that outdoor shoes must have good non-slip properties, so that each time you can firmly grasp the ground, you can safely take a new step.

D. Waterproof function of outdoor shoes:

For a long-distance traveler, a longer outdoor journey may allow you to experience a variety of complex climates. Traveling on a rainy day, a pair of outdoor shoes without waterproof function is not only very heavy when inundated, but because of the increased friction, it is very easy to injure the feet. If it is in the cold season, it is also prone to frostbite, so a pair of high quality outdoor Shoes should have good water resistance. Many Gory Tex film linings are used in many types of outdoor shoes, which can meet the waterproof requirements very well.

With regard to waterproofing of outdoor shoes, it is necessary to highlight it. The waterproof index of outdoor shoes has always been the focus of debate. In fact, this is not a difficult problem to understand. Outdoor waterproof shoes and boots are two different types of products, rain boots on the premise of a good plastic surface, with a permanent waterproof, but it is not breathable; and outdoor shoes waterproof is conditional, it is based on good air permeability . In order to solve this problem, two methods are commonly used in the process. One is the treatment of leather with a water repellent agent, and the treated upper has a waterproof function, but this function gradually disappears with the extension of wearing time and the number of brushings and needs to be reprocessed. The second is to use a waterproof breathable film to make shoes. However, the waterproof function of the waterproof jacket is not exactly the same as the function of the rain boots. It needs to meet certain conditions and needs regular maintenance. The use environment is related to the height of the water surface if the water is close to the surface. The top line of the waterproof jacket, after the shoes are soaked for a period of time, the water in the leather surface and the waterproof jacket sandwich will produce a siphon phenomenon and penetrate into the shoes. If the water level is higher than the top line of the waterproof jacket, water will quickly seep into the shoes. . The correct test method for the waterproofness of Gore Tex shoes is to fill a certain height of water in the shoes, and throw it on the centrifuge for 20 minutes. Since consumers do not have such equipment, they are often tested by soaking. This method is not only unscientific, but can not get accurate test results, but will damage leather. If a certain part of the foot touches a certain part of the waterproof jacket for a long time, it will also cause the film damage of the part, and it will also affect the waterproof. It is therefore not possible to expect outdoor shoes to be as waterproof as rain boots, and it is necessary to use good maintenance properly to reduce damage and extend the waterproof life of the shoe.

E. Comfort and durability of outdoor shoes:

Facing the harsh and complex outdoor conditions, it is a test for all kinds of equipment. A pair of outdoor shoes with excellent performance can only adapt to outdoor complex terrain and conditions if they have strong and durable functions. If the outdoor shoes cannot adapt to the harsh outdoor conditions What are the conditions, how often do you want to finish your journey in a complex environment? Therefore, an outdoor shoe with good quality not only needs to be comfortable to wear, but also must have strong durability, and can stand the test of various harsh outdoor conditions. In addition outdoor shoes must be comfortable, a pair of outdoor shoes worn on the feet, if you do not have comfortable features, do not say exercise, or walking is very painful, so whether to wear comfortable is the primary criterion for the quality of outdoor shoes. The standard of comfort is to be lightweight, follow the feet, have good synchronicity, fit well, and wear like long feet.

F. Impact resistance of outdoor shoes:

A pair of full-featured outdoor shoes must also have good impact resistance. Walking in complex terrain, a pair of shoes does not have strong impact resistance, and often the soles of the feet are injured. The hard floor surface strikes the foot floor for a long time. Even if the foot does not beat, the foot floor will be very painful. Therefore, the high-end outdoor shoe sole is usually designed to be hard and elastic, and it can effectively resist the impact of the ground. Can effectively relieve the pressure of body weight, can play a very good protection for the feet.


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