The physical location of the cell nucleus is where the heart of the cell is. The research progress over the years has made our understanding of this structure already out of the simple cognition of the one-dimensional plane. As a "warehouse" of genetic information and a "central authority" that continuously exports substances to the cytoplasm, the mechanism of action of the nucleus has evolved towards a more dynamic aspect, and the genome, regulatory elements, apparent modifications, spatial organization of the nucleus Innovative and rapid developments in this area have also caused earth-shaking changes in nuclear biology.

From these large and rapidly expanding studies, we can see that the cells are playing a symphony in an orderly manner. This process is not simply based on the music score, but through the conductor and composer, writing songs, inspiring music, Show off flying.

This album shows these artistic mechanisms of action, whether it is dramatic big movements or meticulous small movements, which are an integral part of the symphony dance steps. From this series of reviews and summary articles, we can Insight into the secrets of the nucleus from multiple aspects and levels.

The function of the genome is affected by the environment surrounding the nucleus

Topic article: TheCellBiologyofGenomes: BringingtheDoubleHelixtoLife, TomMisteli, the editorial board member of Cell magazine, introduced the whole picture of genomic biology and nuclear function from a holistic perspective, and explained why these are not just DNA sequences for us.

Misteli said, "In recent years, genome-wide functional analysis and research have led to an innovative change in our understanding of the genome. One of the most important understandings is that the output of genome function is affected by the surrounding environment of the nucleus. Genome The molecular and cellular characteristics of sequence information show us more wonderful genomic functions. "

In another article, two scholars from the University of Edinburgh pointed out that advances in cell biology and technology have led researchers to discover more three-dimensional mechanisms of genome action. Through microscopic techniques and computer models, scientists have a more consistent understanding of gene expression and other nuclear functions.

Reprogramming and epigenetics

Two scholars from the University of California, Los Angeles discussed the induction of epigenetics through the reprogramming induction process with the question of "Epigenetics of Reprogramming to Induced Pluripotency".

The reprogramming process involves many factors such as transcription factors and changes in chromatin state. Some of the early epigenetic events will have a great impact on the induction of late pluripotency. These processes will help to analyze the overall coordinated dynamics of the cell process.

However, some recent studies have also pointed out that there will be an epigenetic instability in the X chromosome of human iPSCs, which will affect the application of iPSCs technology.

What are the most surprising findings of nuclear research?

In this album, Cell also specifically asked top scientists in various fields of nuclear biology: In recent years, what are the most surprising findings of nuclear research?

There are a variety of answers. Some people think that it is the ubiquitous function of RNA, some people think that it is the "connectomes" of the genome, and some people say that it is a surprising mechanism of action that occurs during nuclear and cytoplasmic transport.

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