First, the measurement of voltage 1. Measuring DC voltage, such as from a battery or a Walkman power supply. Start by inserting the black probe into the "COM" port and the red probe into the "VΩ" port. Set the dial to a range higher than the expected voltage (note: the numbers on the dial represent maximum ranges; "V-" indicates DC voltage, "V~" is for AC, and "A" is for current). Connect the probes to the power source or battery terminals, ensuring a stable connection. The reading will appear directly on the display. If the display shows "1.", it means the range is too low—adjust to a higher setting and measure again. If a "-" appears before the value, it means the polarity of the probes is reversed; in this case, the red probe should be connected to the negative terminal. 2. Measuring AC voltage. The probe connections are similar to DC measurements, but the dial must be set to the appropriate "V~" range. Since AC has no polarity, the procedure is straightforward. Always prioritize personal safety and avoid touching the metal parts of the probes during any measurement. Second, measuring current 1. Measuring DC current. First, insert the black probe into the "COM" port. For currents above 200mA, place the red probe in the "10A" port and set the dial to "10A" DC. For currents below 200mA, use the "200mA" port instead. Once the correct settings are made, connect the multimeter in series with the circuit and read the value. If the display shows "1.", increase the range. If a "-" appears before the value, it means the current is flowing into the black probe. Measuring AC current follows the same steps as DC, but the dial should be set to the AC position. After completing the current measurement, always return the red probe to the "VΩ" port. Forgetting this step can damage your device if you accidentally measure voltage next—don't let that happen! Third, measuring resistance Insert the probes into the "COM" and "VΩ" ports, then turn the dial to the desired resistance range ("Ω"). Touch both ends of the resistor with the probes. While measuring, avoid holding the resistor with your hands, as body contact can affect accuracy. Keep the probes in good contact with the resistor. Pay attention to the units: "Ω" for the 200 range, "kΩ" for 2K–200K, and "MΩ" for 2M and above. Fourth, measuring diodes Digital multimeters can test LEDs, rectifier diodes, and more. The probe placement is similar to voltage measurement. Turn the dial to the diode symbol "-|> |--". Use the red probe on the anode and the black probe on the cathode. The display will show the forward voltage drop: about 0.2V for Schottky diodes, 0.7V for silicon diodes, and 1.8–2.3V for LEDs. Reversing the probes should show "1", indicating high reverse resistance—this is normal. If not, the diode may be damaged. Fifth, measuring transistors Probes are inserted the same way as for diodes. Assume one pin is the base and test the other two. If both readings are around 0.7V, try swapping the probes. If the display shows "1", the base is confirmed. Otherwise, it's a PNP transistor. To identify collector and emitter, use the "hFE" mode. Insert the base into the "b" hole, and the other two pins into "c" and "e". Compare the readings—higher values indicate the collector. Tip: This method works best for small transistors like the 9000 series. For larger ones, use an external wiring setup to access the three pins easily. Sixth, measuring MOSFETs N-channel MOSFETs, such as domestic 3D01, 4D01, or Nissan's 3SK series, can be tested using the diode function. If the voltage drop between one pin and the others is over 2V, that's the gate (G). Swap the probes and check the remaining pins. A lower voltage drop indicates the drain (D) and source (S), with the black probe on D and the red on S. Always ensure the multimeter is properly configured for each measurement type. Understanding the functions and limitations of your device will help prevent errors and improve accuracy. Whether you're working on electronics at home or in a lab, taking time to learn these techniques is essential for safe and effective testing. Dumplings Production Equipment Helper Food Machinery has more than 30 years of experience in the development and production of pasta processing equipment. According to the requirements of different capacity and dumpling shapes, various types of dumpling forming machines have been designed and produced. The main models include steaming dumpling equipment, quick-freezing dumpling machine, Russian dumpling machine, fried dumpling equipment and other complete dumpling production equipment series. Dumpling Making Machines,Dumpling Forming Machine,Dumpling Production Line,Frozen Dumpling Line,Fried Dumpling Line,Steamed Dumpling Line Helper Machinery Group Co., Ltd. , https://www.ihelpergroup.com
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