Anatomical food packaging machine

[China Packaging Network News] 1. Components of Food Packaging Machines

Food packaging machines are complex systems that consist of several key components, each playing a vital role in the overall functionality and efficiency of the machine. These components include:

1. Power Unit; 2. Transmission System; 3. Control System; 4. Frame or Chassis; 5. Working Mechanism.

1. Power Unit

The power unit is the core of the machine, responsible for providing the energy needed to drive all operations. In most modern food packaging machines, this is typically an electric motor. However, in some cases, especially in industrial settings, combustion engines or other types of power sources may be used depending on the application and energy requirements.

2. Transmission System

The transmission system is responsible for transferring power and motion from the power unit to the working parts of the machine. It usually consists of gears, belts, chains, screws, and other mechanical elements. This system can be designed for continuous, intermittent, or variable-speed operation, depending on the specific needs of the packaging process.

3. Control System

The control system acts as the brain of the packaging machine. It manages the operation of the power unit, transmission system, and working mechanisms, ensuring smooth coordination between all parts. Modern packaging machines often use advanced control methods such as PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), electric, pneumatic, photoelectric, or electronic controls. The choice of control method depends on the level of automation, production scale, and technological capabilities.

4. Frame or Chassis

The frame or chassis serves as the structural foundation of the entire machine. All mechanical and electrical components are mounted on it. Therefore, it must be sturdy, stable, and capable of supporting the weight of the machine. A well-designed frame also helps in maintaining the machine's center of gravity low, improving stability and reducing the floor space required.

5. Working Mechanism

The working mechanism is where the actual packaging takes place. It includes devices like sealing heads, filling nozzles, and cutting tools, which perform the necessary actions to complete the packaging process. More complex machines may use robotic arms or automated systems to handle intricate tasks, often combining mechanical, electrical, and optical components for precision and efficiency.

2. How Food Packaging Machines Work

Modern automatic food packaging machines rely heavily on electrical and electronic systems to ensure accuracy, speed, and reliability. The main electrical components typically include:

a) Main control circuit, often based on inverters and PLCs, which form the control core of the machine.

b) Temperature control circuits using intelligent temperature controllers, solid-state relays, and thermocouples to achieve precise and stable temperature regulation.

c) Detection systems utilizing photoelectric sensors, electromagnetic proximity switches, and other devices for multi-point tracking and monitoring.

2. Working Principle of Automatic Food Packaging Machines

The performance of a food packaging machine largely depends on its temperature control, speed accuracy, and tracking system. The tracking system is particularly crucial, as it ensures that the packaging material aligns correctly with the machine’s movement. Using forward and reverse tracking, the system enhances accuracy by continuously detecting the film mark via a sensor and adjusting accordingly.

Once the machine is running, the film mark sensor detects the color mark on the packaging film, while a microswitch monitors the machine's position. These signals are sent to the PLC, which processes them and controls the tracking motor through outputs like Y6 (tracking) and Y12 (anti-recovery). This allows for real-time correction of any misalignment, preventing waste and ensuring consistent quality. If the tracking fails after a set number of attempts, the machine will automatically shut down for inspection, avoiding defective products.

With the use of variable frequency drives, the chain transmission is minimized, leading to improved stability, reduced noise, and enhanced efficiency. This makes the machine more reliable, user-friendly, and suitable for high-volume, high-precision packaging applications. Additionally, the design emphasizes aesthetics and ergonomics, making it visually appealing and easy to operate.

Despite their seemingly simple function, food packaging machines require high dynamic performance from their drive systems. They need fast response times and high-speed stability, which means selecting a high-performance frequency converter is essential. By focusing on these technical aspects, manufacturers can produce machines that are not only efficient but also durable and adaptable to various packaging needs.